Summer Solstice!

The longest day of the year. The extreme of the sun's height, 夏至
xiàzhì is the 10th solar term of the year. "Minor heat" and "Major heat" are ahead of us.

Still not halfway to the next Chinese New Year.

Festival phrases

Life in China has a section on phrases for "Festival and holidays"[sic]. Of course the most are for Chinese New Year, Spring Festival.

Celina put an interesting culture note in her entries that says, "In the old days, New Year's money was given in the form of one hundred copper coins strung together on a red string and symbolized the hope that one would live to be a hundred years old. Today, money is placed inside red envelopes in denominations considered auspicious and given to represent luck and wealth".

Occasional Pig

From chrsitmasmyspace.com Graphics

I just could not resist these pigs from www.ChristmasMySpace.Com
They have quite a few other graphics, sadly including a few that are sexist.

Chinese New Year Dates - from 1900

This list is mostly to help those who ask, "What is my Chinese Zodiac Sign?" especially in they are born between January 19 - February 21. The elements are also given.

These dates are listed from most recent to 1900, so the zodiac cycle is "upside down". Rat is first: Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Sheep. Monkey, Chicken, Dog, and Pig.

For future dates, see Future Chinese New Year Dates.

2008 Thursday, February 7^th - (Earth) Brown Rat 4706

2007 February 18 - (Fire) Red Pig 4705
2006 January 29 - (Fire) Red Dog 4704
2005 February 9 – (Wood) Green Chicken 4703
2004 January 22 – (Wood) Green Monkey 4702
2003 February 1 – (Water) Black Sheep 4701
2002 February 12 - (Water) Black Horse 4670
2001 January 24 – (Metal) White Snake 4669
2000 February 5 – (Metal) White (Golden) Dragon 4668
1999 February 16 - 2000 February 4 - Earth Rabbit
1998 January 28 - 1999 February 15 - Earth Tiger
1997 February 7 - 1998 January 27 - Fire Ox
1996 February 19 - 1997 February 6 - Fire Rat

1995 January 31 - 1996 February 18 - Wood Pig
1994 February 10 - 1995 January 30 - Wood Dog
1993 January 23 - 1994 February 9 - Water Rooster
1992 February 4 - 1993 January 22 - Water Monkey
1991 February 15 - 1992 February 3 - Metal Goat
1990 January 27 - 1991 February 14 - Metal Horse
1989 February 6 - 1990 January 26 - Earth Snake
1988 February 17 - 1989 February 5 - Earth Dragon
1987 January 29 - 1988 February 16 - Fire Rabbit
1986 February 9 - 1987 January 28 - Fire Tiger
1985 February 20 - 1986 February 8 - Wood Ox
1984 February 2 - 1985 February 19 - Wood Rat

1983 February 13 - 1984 February 1 - Water Pig
1982 January 25 - 1983 February 12 - Water Dog
1981 February 5 - 1982 January 24 - Metal Rooster
1980 February 16 - 1981 February 4 - Metal Monkey
1979 January 28 - 1980 February 15 - Earth Goat
1978 February 7 - 1979 January 27 - Earth Horse
1977 February 18 - 1978 February 6 - Fire Snake
1976 January 31 - 1977 February 17 – Fire Dragon
1975 February 11 - 1976 January 30 - Wood Rabbit
1974 January 23 - 1975 February 10 - Wood Tiger
1973 February 3 - 1974 January 22 - Water Ox
1972 February 15 - 1973 February 2 - Water Rat

1971 January 27 - 1972 February 14 - Metal Pig
1970 February 6 - 1971 January 26 - Metal Dog
1969 February 17 - 1970 February 5 - Earth Rooster
1968 January 30 - 1969 February 16 - Earth Monkey
1967 February 9 - 1968 January 29 - Fire Goat
1966 January 21 - 1967 February 8 - Fire Horse
1965 February 2 - 1966 January 20 - Wood Snake
1964 February 13 - 1965 February 1 - Wood Dragon
1963 January 25 - 1964 February 12 - Water Rabbit
1962 February 5 - 1963 January 24 - Water Tiger
1961 February 15 - 1962 February 4 - Metal Ox
1960 January 28 - 1961 February 14 - Metal Rat

1959 February 8 - 1960 January 27 - Earth Pig
1958 February 18 - 1959 February 7 - Earth Dog
1957 January 31 - 1958 February 17 - Fire Rooster
1956 February 12 - 1957 January 30 - Fire Monkey
1955 January 24 - 1956 February 11 - Wood Goat
1954 February 3 - 1955 January 23 - Wood Horse
1953 February 14 - 1954 February 2 – Water Snake
1952 January 27 - 1953 February 13 - Water Dragon
1951 February 6 - 1952 January 26 - Metal Rabbit
1950 February 17 - 1951 February 5 - Metal Tiger
1949 January 29 - 1950 February 16 - Earth Ox
1948 February 10 - 1949 January 28 - Earth Rat

1947 January 22 - 1948 February 9 - Fire Pig
1946 February 2 - 1947 January 21 - Fire Dog
1945 February 13 - 1946 February 1 - Wood Rooster
1944 January 25 - 1945 February 12 - Wood Monkey
1943 February 5 - 1944 January 24 - Water Goat
1942 February 15 - 1943 February 4 - Water Horse
1941 January 27 - 1942 February 14 - Metal Snake
1940 February 8 - 1941 January 26 - Metal Dragon
1939 February 19 - 1940 February 7 - Earth Rabbit
1938 January 31 - 1939 February 18 - Earth Tiger
1937 February 11 - 1938 January 30 - Fire Ox

1936 January 24 - 1937 February 10 - Fire Rat
1935 February 4 - 1936 January 23 - Wood Pig
1934 February 14 - 1935 February 3 - Wood Dog
1933 January 26 - 1934 February 13 - Water Rooster
1932 February 6 - 1933 January 25 - Water Monkey
1931 February 17 - 1932 February 5 - Metal Goat
1930 January 30 - 1931 February 16 - Metal Horse
1929 February 10 - 1930 January 29 - Earth Snake
1928 January 23 - 1929 February 9 - Earth Dragon
1927 February 2 - 1928 January 22 – Fire Rabbit
1926 February 13 - 1927 February 1 - Fire Tiger
1925 January 25 - 1926 February 12 - Wood Ox
1924 February 5 - 1925 January 24 - Wood Rat

1923 February 16 - 1924 February 4 - Water Pig
1922 January 28 - 1923 February 15 - Water Dog
1921 February 8 - 1922 January 27 - Metal Rooster
1920 February 20 - 1921 February 7 – Metal Monkey
1919 February 1 - 1920 February 19 - Earth Goat
1918 February 11 - 1919 January 31 - Earth Horse
1917 January 23 - 1918 February 10 - Fire Snake
1916 February 3 - 1917 January 22 - Fire Dragon
1915 February 14 - 1916 February 2 - Wood Rabbit
1914 January 26 - 1915 February 13 – Wood Tiger
1913 February 6 - 1914 January 25 - Water Ox
1912 February 18 - 1913 February 5 – Water Rat

1911 January 30 - 1912 February 17 - Metal Pig
1910 February 10 - 1911 January 29 - Metal Dog
1909 January 22 - 19010 February 9 - Earth Rooster
1908 February 2 - 1909 January 21 - Earth Monkey
1907 February 13 - 1908 February 1 – Fire Goat
1906 January 25 - 1907 February 12 - Fire Horse
1905 February 4 - 1906 January 24 – Wood Snake
1904 February 16 - 1905 February 3 – Wood Dragon
1903 January 29 - 1904 February 15 - Water Rabbit
1902 February 8 - 1903 January 28 – Water Tiger
1901 February 19 - 1902 February 7 – Metal Ox
1900 January 31 - 1901 February 18 – Metal Rat

Future Chinese New Year dates

For previous dates, see Chinese New Year Dates from 1900.

2008 Thursday, February 7^th - Jan. 28, 2009 - (Earth) Brown Rat 4706
2009 Monday, January 26^th - (Earth) Brown Ox 4707
2010 February 14^th - (Metal) White Tiger 4708
2011 February 3^rd - (Metal) White Hare 4709
2012 January 23^th - (Water) Dragon 4710
2013 February 10^th - (Water) Snake 4711
2014 January 31^st - (Wood) Horse 4712
2015 February 19^th - (Wood) Sheep 4713
2016 February 8^th - (Fire) Monkey 4714
2017 January 28^th - (Fire) Chicken 4715
2018 February 16^th - (Earth) Dog 4716
2019 February 5^th - (Earth) Pig 4717

last updated: April 2007

Chinese New Year - 2007

The Year of the Red Fire Pig was greeted with parades and fireworks around the world - and in some places few pigs. In Malaysia and China where there are large Muslim populations, the governments decided that the pig should not be featured much. In China, pigs were not allowed in Chinese New Year TV ads!

closer to home: Even my 6 year old knows that there is no "year of the panda", and I got a thank you note from a Jewish friend for featuring a pig in the Chinese New Year card I made for them.

This years' pictures include:

• National Geographic photo of folk artists who performed on stilts.
• Still from BBC on London's Chinese New Year celebrations
  
• Vancouver Chinese New Year parade photos
• SanFrancisco's Chinese New Year parade
• China View's photos
  
  
• Video from Liverpool, England parade
  

More to come. . .

Chinese New Year Foods

According a 2000 Hong Kong government report, Chinese New Year "signifies hope and joy". "A number of special foods are taken during this period as part of the celebration and they exemplify strong local features. " Most Hong Kong residents are from Southern China. Their Chinese New Year food reflects the Guangdong (Cantonese) cultures. The Hong Kong government classifies Hong Kong Chinese New Year Foods into five main categories:

• steamed puddings (Sweet puddings of flour, sugar, and perhaps vegetables or coconut milk and salty/savoury puddings of flour, preserved meat, turnip or taro),
• fried dumplings,
• sweetened fruits and vegetables,
• glutinous rice balls and
• seeds.

The focus of their Safe Food Report was actually the food preservatives and colorings found in Chinese New Year foods in 1996 - 1999.

Whole fish, practically a requirement for new Year's eve dinner, was not listed at all. If you are Cantonese - or a boater - do not turn the fish over. You do not want to capsize your boat! After eating one side of the fish, remove the bone and eat the other side - but not all of it. Save some for "new year" - the next day. You want to ensure prosperity - but always having [more/extra fish]. "Fish" and "Extra" sound the same in Chinese.

In Northern China dumplings(jiaozi) are common, perhaps especially for New Year's eve. Long life noodles are eaten for Chinese New Year in some parts of China. I have taken noodles in - with grated carrots, grated cucumber, and sauce on the side to preschools and mixed-age school groups. Last time, we looked at this Long Life Noodle recipe before heading out to shop for ingredients. I always tell them what is in it and never substituted peanut butter for sesame paste (tahini) due to potential allergy issues.

Nian gao (sticky rice cakes) are more common in the south - where more rice is grown.

Someone on the faculty at the University of Victoria posted a more traditional look at Chinese New Year foods and their symbolism. Asian Art Museum has a two-page Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year brochure online that discusses a lot of symbolism. For more on foods special to Chinese New Year, read Wikipedia's Chinese New Year Food entry.

Courage, Compassion and Cooperation

This is new to me – a service for Chinese New Year. Unitarian Universalist Association has a clearing house packet (now called Faith Works). Part of its goal is to inspire faith development, and connect ethical and spiritual practices. In Spring 2000, they had a piece on Courage, Compassion and Cooperation which highlighted the Chinese New Year.

I like it. If you do, you may also find a way to use the lesson plans at Learning to Give, not just the one Chinese New Year using the book Sam and the Lucky Money. Their goals are to to educate youth about the power of philanthropy (sharing time, talent and treasure) and empower young people to make a difference in their school, their community and their world!

CNY Songs on YouTube

Some cute Happy New Year songs in Mandarin:

Chinese New Year Song 01 (with Chinese subtitles)

Chinese New Year Song (02)

Chinese New Year Song (04)

Chinese New Year Song (05)

Please check that you have your parent's permission to watch these on YouTube before you click.

Celebrating the Chinese New Year e-book

The China School in New York City has a cute e-book, titled Celebrating the Chinese New Year available for free - and the promise of more coming. It is also available through the China Initiative.

Happy New Year's Eve!

Chinese New Year is probably celebrated by a quarter of the world now and is the biggest celebration of the Chinese community.

In addition to the 12-year zodiac animal cycle, there is a cycle of five elements making a 60 year cycle. This year was a Red Dog year and tomorrow will be a Red Pig or a Fire Pig year. This year is Dīnghài 丁亥, the 24th year of the Sexagenary Cycle (1887, 1947, 2007, etc.) I think we started hearing more about the bigger cycle in 2000, a "Golden Dragon Year". (Yes, I heard the odd rumor of it being a “Golden Pig” but it is just a rumor, perhaps started by some fortune tellers in Korea. No folklorists will support it.)

Monday, January 29, 2006 started a Red (Fire) Dog Year, 4704
Sunday, February 18, 2007 begins a Red (Fire) Pig Year, 4705

The next 12-year cycle starts on:
Thursday, February 7, 2008 with a Brown (Earth) Rat Year, 4706.

A Fire Pig year is good for expanding families and businesses. Feng shui experts say that this Year of the Pig will be a turbulent year and not peaceful, but it may be a good year for scholars.

In Japan I have been told that 2007 corresponds to Heisei 19, and while it is also a year of the Pig for them, many reports say they prefer the “Year of the Wild Boar”.

(I hear that that a golden pig year might not be so good for expanding businesses.) The Year of the Dog was supposed to be a good year to be married – but I have learned that in some parts of China, the divorce rate went up too, especially for newly married! Perhaps some who rushed into marriage for the year of the dog(?) decided it was a mistake. Regardless, they are no longer married and don’t have to decide whether it would be good for them to have a child this year.

China Daily reports that it may not be the best year to have a child in China. "Many couples are planning to have children during the next lunar year in anticipation of good luck, but the Year of the Pig baby boom may result in a rise in population that will affect children's future education, job prospects and even retired lives.” (Or see a China empire's prettier post of the same article.)

Bill Hadju, at Chinese astrology.com says that "Health issues vary not only by sign but by individual. Your best bet is to visit a Chinese doctor to have your balances checked and get some advice for the coming year. It is a Fire year, so one thing we can say in general is to be on the lookout for signs of stress and a tendency to overextend one's self." Not bad advise for many of us - in any year!

Spring Festival Prep Pictures

A few photos from Xin Hua Net:

Gold Pigs Deliver Blessings: Three "golden pigs" deliver blessings in a parterre in Taizhou, Zhejiang province, Feb.7. The Chinese lunar New Year will fall on Feb.18, and this year is the Year of the Pig in China. (Cnsphoto)

Spring Festival, lunar New Year coming

Folk culture fair for Spring Festival (another snap of the sugar painting-lollipops that I love to see)

New Spin on Old Tricks

Steve Whan's Focus on Culture consistently delivers interesting child-friendly articles. This week's selection includes: New Spin on Old Tricks about the members of the China National Acrobatic Troupe.

"The world's best acrobats had returned to their motherland and were preparing for the upcoming series of shows during the Spring Festival season in Tiandi Theater.

It is rare to see so many Chinese acrobatic stars together because for most of the year they are scattered across the world delighting audience with their breathtaking feats.

Now they're back in Beijing bringing the traditional Chinese acrobatic classic tricks they used to thrill foreign audiences. There are contortionists, plate spinners, wirewalkers, hoop divers, diabolo players, vase balancers, ball jugglers and bicycle riders. "The whole performance will be filled with a jolly holiday atmosphere," said Lei Mingxia, acting director of The Return of The Spirit." To read the rest. . .

I was especially interesting in what one performer said about how the Chinese Yoyo is used - in China versus abroad (where it is more likely to be called a diabolo).

You can see a Chinese Yoyo clip at CCTV 2007 Chinese New Year Celebration: Acrobatics.

In the schools - 2007

Lots of lunar calendars going to school . . .

Laurie's taking it in for some first graders. Cathy's doing both her boys' classes! Pat took the calendar, a book & a craft in. Beth's using the calendar and coloring pages. Martha's talking to 5th graders. Linda's going in for her 5th year. Jean's a teacher and she'll have 6th and 7th graders make up their own calendar system.

This year, I'm celebrating Chinese New Year with a homeschoolers from kindergarten to 6th grade.
They'll have craft stations for: Paperfolding Pigs, Chun (spring) paper cut, making lanterns, Chinese double knot, and finger counting. (Some of the older students are running the stations!) We'll have a discussion of holidays in general (food, family gathering, ...) before learning about the lunar calendar and Chinese New Year. After a New Year's feast of noodles and jiaozi, some students will be putting on a play based on Eric Kimmel's The Rooster's Antlers. Then I'll teach some Mandarin songs and we'll close with a lantern parade.

Stephanie plans to talk about Chinese New Year and the lunar calendar to a group of 1st and 2nd year olds. Then the plan is to darken the room and try to show how the phases of the moon are created with some balls and a flashlight!

Charlie is going in again this year - Last year the kids loved it, especially the panda project and trying to eat popcorn with chopsticks. We talk about China a little in addition to the New Year's celebration. We'll show portions of 2 videos, sing the Ni Hao song, and read a children's book titled, My First Chinese New Year. We'll also teach them to count to 10 in Chinese.

I am sure that Beth is going in again but I don't know her specific plans.

Kitchen God reports - tomorrow

This year the Kitchen God returns to heaven on Monday, February 12th, 2007 (on the 24th day of the 12th month of the lunar year), to report to the Jade Emperor on the family's behavior during the past year. (If you still need a lunar calendar, you can send email to mus-mandarin@wubison.com to get a pdf version for 2007.) Some say that his picture is burned on the 23rd and he reports on the 24th.

Traditionally Chinese families made offerings to send him off so that he will provide a good report. Some families worship the Kitchen God with offerings of homemade candies, rice cakes, dates, walnuts and fried beans. They may also burn fodder as a symbolic way to feed the Kitchen God's horse. Some families made additional offerings of sweets or of sweets or smeared honey on his lips so he would say sweet things to the Jade Emperor about the family. In some families, he was fed sticky things (like nian gao rice cakes) so that he can not say much of anything! (Think about how much you can say with a spoonful of peanut butter in your mouth.)

Herbal Shop's sticky cake recipe

Each year, each family needed to get a new (paper picture of the) kitchen god - the old one was burned and his messages went up with the smoke. The Kitchen God is guardian of the hearth, inventor of fire and censor of morals, and he is made of paper or other materials that burn easily. Most practicing families do not replace it until t New Year's Day, so for one week, there is no kitchen god, his place is empty.

This year someone said that if we were only going to buy (or make) 3 things for Chinese New Year, they should all be paper:

• a new kitchen god,
• door guardians, and
• chun lian couplets.

I don't know - we really like eating (long noodles, jiaozi, citrus) and having hong bao to give to children.

Paperfold Pigs

"Origami" is a Japanese term, but paper folding is also a Chinese activity. Some say that it originated in China. Here's The World's Largest Origami Pig. If you want to fold - or teach others - try these directions:

• The classic "Pig face" that even the youngest can fold is in "Origami in Motion".
• A different pig's head
• A little more complex is this standing Pig.
• Jung's standing Pig (not quite the wild boar fold that I adore).
• Different ** pig directions with no photo.
  

Some origami animals can free-standing. I also like gluing them to paper or cardstock to make greeting cards - certainly it is hard to figure out what else to do with some of the animal faces that even the youngest can make.

For more see my Musical Mandarin Paperfolding entry.

Chinese Music

You may also want to investigate the differences between Eastern and Western music as a study. Most library systems have some Eastern music that you can borrow, although it may take some looking to find what you want for your dragon parade.

Some short samples of Chinese music

Chinese Percussion Music (grades 5 - 10) - Teach students about Chinese percussion instruments and ensemble performances. This lesson was contributed by Han Kuo-Huang,
and a Cantonese lullaby.

Teaching East Asian Music in the Elementary Classroom - List of various lesson plans, including:

• East Asian Music in the Elementary School” (K - 6 music),
• Yu(t) Ee Sam --A Chinese Counting Song (3rd grade, two 30-minute class periods.) I think this is the Cantonese version of the counting songs I use in (Musical) Mandarin.
• SHI WU (The Lion Dance I & II) (3rd Grade, 30 minutes),
  
• Singing and Playing the Music of China (3rd Grade, 50 minutes.),
• Chinese Music (Grades 3-5) Recommended before Lion Dance I if you have time,
  
• A Chinese New Year’s Celebration for 6th Grade (music & Social Studies),
• Chinese Lion Dance (4th grade),
• Yu Guang Guang (Moonlight Lullaby) (4th Grade, 50 minutes)
• Chinese Music and Dance (4th Grade, 40 minutes),
  
• Similarities and Contrasts of Music and Culture (5th Grade, 50 minutes.), and
  
• Lunar New Year Celebration (6th Grade, for 35 minute class periods.) - Two lessons each on Japanese, Korean and Chinese music?
  

Or, for something simple, see Chinese New Year Songs.

Year of the Pig Postage Stamps

China, Japan, Canada, Singapore, Indonesia, and New Zealand have issued stamps to commemorate the Year of the Pig. Singapore's completes their beautiful zodiac set. It is the first time that Indonesia has made special stamps for the Lunar New Year.

China has been issuing zodiac stamps since 1980 - this is the 3rd "Year of the Pig" stamp:
- Year of the Pig stamps, or see the whole sheet
- Perhaps the clearest picture

Someone made their own Year of the Pig stamps with photo shop. (Sadly not all of FreakingNews other Year of the Pig images are child-friendly.)

Making Lantern Riddles

I never thought I'd be able to link to one of my favorite blogs from my Chinese New Year blog - but it has happened! The Eides had a "Brain break" on riddle poems last week. They did not say much, but did link to an article I have used for reference "Riddle-Poems, and How to Make Them" as well as provide a new link which seems more fun - to another blogger called "Riddleman". Here is a link to his "Language Riddles" section.

Other "Year of the Pig" news

San Fransisco began celebrating the Year of the Pig on January 21st! They have some picture on their home page and lots from 2003 and 2004.

Spring Festival Temple Snacks - check out the sugar (animal-shaped) lollipops!

Green fluorescent pigs from China! (Stem cell research news from within the Year of the Dog, December 2006)

A nice shot from Steve in Japan, where the Year of the Boar is already upon them. I had not heard of the Japanese custom of buying arrows for the New Year before.

And New Year photos specific to the Year of the Boar:
- Spring Festival street food from the Year of the Rabbit, can you calculate which year it was?
- Penn Museum in Philadelphia has some nice Chinese New Year photos ready.
- China Culture's Photos of Spring Festival
- Astrolog, Year of the Fire Pig from an astrology site that is new to me.